Adapting ACME to the database caching environment : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Information Systems at Massey University

The field of database cache replacement has seen a great many replacement policies presented in the past few years. As the challenge to find the optimal replacement policy continues, new methods and techniques of determining cache victims have been proposed, with some methods having a greater effect on results than others. Adaptive algorithms attempt to adapt to changing patterns of data access by combining the benefits of other existing algorithms. Such adaptive algorithms have recently been proposed in the web-caching environment. However, there is a lack of such research in the area of database caching. This thesis investigates an attempt to adapt a recently proposed adaptive caching algorithm in the area of web-caching, known as Adaptive Caching with Multiple Experts (ACME), to the database environment. Recently proposed replacement policies are integrated into ACME'S existing policy pool, in an attempt to gauge its ability and robustness to readily incorporate new algorithms. The results suggest that ACME is indeed well-suited to the database environment, and performs as well as the best currently caching policy within its policy pool at any particular point in time in its request stream. Although execution time increases by integrating more policies into ACME, the overall time saved increases by avoiding disk reads due to higher hit rates and fewer misses on the cache

Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Development in Pakistan [1960-2002]

The Two-Gap Model suggests that the Poor countries have to rely on the foreign resources to fill the two Gaps: Import-Export Gap and the Savings-Investment Gap. There are many forms of the foreign resources like FDI (Foreign Direct Investment), External loans & Credit, technical assistance, Project & non-project aid etc. But UDC’s (including Pakistan) don’t have the investment friendly policies. So, they have to rely on the Foreign aid and Debt rather than FDI and portfolio investments. The role of these external resources always remains questionable. This paper analyzes the trends and structure of the foreign aid in Pakistan during 1960-2002 and its role and effectiveness in the economic development in Pakistan.Foreign capital inflows (FCI); Foreign Aid; Economic Development; Foreign Economic Assistance; Official Development Assistance (ODA); Foreign Debt Burden; Aid and Growth; Trends and Structure of Aid; Aid Effectiveness

Impact of Foreign Capital Inflows (FCI) on Economic Growth in Pakistan [1975-2004]

The Two-Gap Model suggests that the Poor countries have to rely on the foreign capital inflows (FCI) to fill the two Gaps: Import-Export Gap and the Savings-Investment Gap. There are many forms of the foreign capital inflows like FDI (Foreign Direct Investment), External loans & Credit, technical assistance, Project & non-project aid etc. So, UDC’s (including Pakistan) have to rely on the Foreign aid, Debt FDI and portfolio investments. The role of these external resources (FCI) always remains questionable. This paper analyzes the impact of the foreign capital inflow on GDP Growth in Pakistan during 1975-2004.Foreign capital inflows (FCI); Foreign Investment; Economic Growth; Foreign Economic Assistance; Official Development Assistance (ODA); Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Foreign Debt Burden; Aid and Growth; FCI Effectiveness

Chain transfer to the solvent in the poly-merisation of styrene at high pressures

Imperial Users onl

Basal Ganglia Infarct in Young Female Patient: in Consideration with D.V.T and Paradoxical Emboli

Twenty four years old female presented on the 20th postnatal day with painful swelling of her limbs (more in the lower limbs) along with headache, nausea, and right sided weakness. On the basis of the history, relevant physical examination and investigations (C.T scan brain and echocardiography) she was diagnosed to have a paradoxical emboli from D.V.T (deep venous thrombosis) of her legs that reached her brain through patent foramen oval causing a basal ganglia infarct. Based on her serum albumin and ascetic albumin, her diagnosis was made which was in the favor of nephrotic syndrome. She was heparinized and anti-platelets aggregating therapy was initiated for her deep venous thrombosis. She was advised to get physiotherapy for the weakness she had on her right side. Because of timely diagnosis and early treatment her weakness had a gross improvement and she was able to start moving her limbs by herself at the time of hospital discharge.   &nbsp

The Uruguay Round Agreement: Implications for Pakistan’s Textiles and Clothing Sector

The Uruguay Round (UR), which marked the conclusion of protracted multilateral trade negotiations, resulted in comprehensive agreements on multilateral trade in goods and services within the framework of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The newly created World Trade Organisation (WTO) provides an institutional framework that encompasses all the agreements and legal instruments negotiated in the UR as well as the dispute settlement procedures and provisions for the regular monitoring of policies of the member countries. The UR agreement has been widely perceived as constituting a major advance in the process of multilateral liberalisation of trade in goods and services and, when fully implemented, is expected to improve economic efficiency and welfare from the global, national and sectoral standpoints. An important feature of the UR agreement is the incorporation of new sectors like textiles and clothing within the ambit of the GATT/WTO framework. In view of the fact that the textiles and clothing industry is one of the few sectors in which developing countries enjoy a distinct comparative advantage over industrial countries, the UR agreement holds considerable significance for developing economies like Pakistan.

Determinants of Interest Spread in Pakistan

Interest spread of the Pakistan’s banking industry has been on the rise for the last two years. The increase in interest spread discourages savings and investments on the one hand, and raises concerns on the effectiveness of bank lending channel of monetary policy on the other. This study examines the determinants of interest spread in Pakistan using panel data of 29 banks. The results show that inelasticity of deposit supply is a major determinant of interest spread whereas industry concentration has no significant influence on interest spread. One reason for inelasticity of deposits supply to the banks is the absence of alternate options for the savers. The on-going merger wave in the banking industry will further limit the options for the savers. Given the adverse implications of banking mergers for a competitive environment, we argue that to maintain a reasonably competitive environment, merger proposals may be subjected to review by an antitrust authority with the central bank retaining the veto over merger approval.Banks, Determination of Interest Rates, Mergers, Acquisitions